Tonight's Homework

We will not have any spelling words for this week.  Please see side panel for vocabulary words.
Vocabulary test is lesson 22 in pwb. Science test was postponed until tomorrow.

Geological Study Guide

Geological Study guide: Test Date-3/18/13

Alfred Wegener- in 1915 he discovered that all of the continents were once together like a puzzle piece

Pangaea- all of the continents put together like a puzzle.

Layers of the Earth- crust, mantle, outer core, and the inner core.

Lithosphere- is the crust and the upper part of the mantle.

Asthenosphere- hot plastic portion of the mantle, at the top underneath the lower part of the crust/lithosphere

Tectonic Plates-The crust of the planet that is broken in to pieces that moves due to magma activity underneath the crust.  These plates move at speeds of 6.3 inches per year, about the length of time your fingernail grows.

Faults- the actual crack that separates the plates

Plate movement results from convection currents in the asthenosphere, the hot, plastic portion of the mantle

Mid-Atlantic Ridge- is a large crack in the earth’s oceanic crust that separates the North and South American continents from the African continent.

Boundaries

Converging Boundaries- when two plate move toward each other. When oceanic crust converges with continental crust, the oceanic crust moves underneath the continental crust because it is a denser rock. The area or point where the oceanic crust is moving underneath the continental crust is call the subduction zone. When continental crust converges with continental crust, mountains form.

Diverging boundaries- two plates move away from each other. Molten rock rises to fill the gap, creating new crust.

Sliding or transforming boundaries- Two plates slide past each other, moving in opposite directions.

Rock Cycle- Igneous rock (hardened lava), Metamorphic rock (rock that forms from other rocks as a result of intense heat, pressure, or chemical), and Sedimentary rock (rock that forms from compressed or cemented layers of sediment).

Scientists’ tools-

Weather Balloon (send information about humidity, precipitation, and weather),

Seismograph (shows the intensity of an earthquake),

Sonar (A system for the detection of objects under water and for measuring the water's depth by emitting sound pulses- echo location),

Radar (A system for detecting the presence, direction, distance, and speed of aircraft, ships, and other objects)

Types of Volcanoes- There will be pictures of volcanoes and you will have to label them and the parts.

Earthquake- a violent shaking of Earth’s crust- this is due to tectonic plates moving at their fault lines

Focus- point underground where the faulting occurs

Epicenter- point directly above the focus point were the seismic waves are strongest.

Richter Scale- measures the magnitude or size of an earthquake. Scale goes from 1-9, with 9 being the most intense and causing the most damage. There was an earthquake measured 5.5 on the Richter scale and cause structural damage to the Washington Monument.

Homework and such

Parents,
There will be no homework tonight except for math, which is on page 185 in the practice workbook.  Please bring supplies to school by tomorrow.  Thanks!

Trasforming boundaries/ Supplies needed.

Please click the link below to see the animation of transforming boundaries.  

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0804/es0804page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

Video on Tectonic plates
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmC-vjQGSNM
The students will create an edible model of the lithosphere and asthenosphere, moving
them and using a variety of materials to model different characteristics of interacting plate
boundaries.  Students will also learn the various tools scientist use to help them better understand Earth's activities.  In order to make this a wonderful experience for your child I will need the following materials:
-28 Paper plates
-2 Boxes of graham crackers
-2 bags of butterscotch chips
-4 cans of whipping cream
-2 boxes of vanilla creme wafers
-2 cans of chocolate frosting-spray

Please email me one item you can bring in by Thursday!  I love you all and thank you for your support!

This week's vocabulary words 3/11/13

1.      Cessna- A small plane used for passenger transport

2.      Turbulence- Motion of the atmosphere that interrupts the flow of wind

3.      Altitude- The height of a thing above a reference point (sea level of earth’s surface); elevation

4.      Horde-A large group or crowd; a swarm; mass; gang

5.      Murky- Dark, dim, gloomy, and cloudy

6.      Pulverize- to pund or crush, grind to a powder

7.      Jolt- A sudden harring or jerking from a blow or sudden movement

8.      Imbed- to deposit in a partly enclosed mass

9.      Reposition- placed in a new position, relocate

Spheres of the Earth/ Layers of the Atmosphere

Spheres of the Earth

1.     Biosphere- sphere that contains all living things

2.     Geosphere/lithosphere- earth’s solid surface, which includes continental and oceanic crust as well as the various layers of the Earth’s interior

3.     Hydrosphere- all water. 71% of the Earth is covered by water and only 29% is solid land.

4.     Cryosphere- part of the Earth’s surface where water is in a solid form, usually as snow or ice, and includes glaciers, ice shelves, snow, and icebergs, and snow fields.

5.     Anthrosphere- Contains all things made by humans… cities, bridges, dams, and roads.

6.     Atmosphere- is a gaseous layer that surrounds the Earth.  Contains a mixture of gases composed primarily of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.

Layers of the atmosphere

Four main layers from first to last- Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere.

Four minor layers from first to last- ozonosphere (in the stratosphere), Ionosphere, exosphere, and magnetosphere (all located in the Thermosphere).

Hello Parents,

MAGNETOSPHERE

Characteristics:

1. Earth's Magnetic Field

2. Causes Aurora Borealis

(Northern Lights

TROPOSPHERE

Temperature: DECREASES, 6.5 ºC per km

Characteristics: to about -60 ºC

1. Most weather occurs here where we live

2. Convection Currents

STRATOSPHERE

Temperature: INCREASES, to about -20 ºC

Characteristics:

1. Contains most of atmosphere's ozone

2. Where jets and manned balloons have gone

MESOSPHERE

Temperature: DECREASES, -100 ºC at top, Characteristics: 1. Protects Earth from meteors, 2. Coldest region of atmosphere

THERMOSPHERE

Temperature: INCREASES, 2,000 ºC at top

Characteristics:

1. Temps get up to 2000 oC

2. Air molecules are 1 km apart!

OZONOSPHERE

Characteristics:

1. Ozone is made of 3 oxygen atoms

2. Protects the surface from Sun's UV rays

3. Humans are causing Ozone depletion

IONOSPHERE

Characteristics:

1. Lower part of Thermosphere

2. Radio waves bounce back to

Earth's surface

EXOSPHERE

Characteristics:

1. Upper part of Thermosphere

2. Artificial Satellites orbit here